A beach is a coastal landform that results from the accumulation of sediment. The sediment that makes up a beach can come from the local geology, such as black basalt, white quartz or coral, or it may be brought by wind and water. In addition to the rock particles that make up sand, beach materials include fragments of seashells and other marine organisms as well as organic material like seaweed. Beaches are constantly changing, as the movement of tides and waves bring in new materials and carry away others.
The most important factor in forming beaches is erosion, the gradual breaking down and disappearance of rocks along the coast. Erosion is accelerated by wave action, but other factors also play a role, including the shape and size of the beach itself, and the way the surrounding land is shaped and graded. For example, a beach with a large slope, or “sand bar,” usually gains sand more quickly than a flat beach because waves approach the shore at a greater speed.
Beaches are a wonderful place for kids to explore, and they are full of fascinating marine creatures. From hermit crabs scurrying across the sand to colorful fish swimming in the waves, there is plenty to see and learn about on the beach. When the tide is out, you can find even more treasures in the tide pools, where you can discover starfish, sea anemones and other marine life.
Another great thing about beaches is that they are always changing, influenced by all sorts of natural events. The most important of these are tides and waves, which bring in materials and create gentle slopes on the beach. Tides are created by the gravitational pull of the sun and moon, so that at high tide the ocean rises up to a certain level, and when the tide is low, it drops back to a lower level. Beaches are also impacted by wind and erosion, which can change their shape and expose or cover different layers of beach material.
Because of all these natural processes, it’s no surprise that beaches are such interesting places to visit! And what could be more fun than a summer trip to the beach, where you and your kids can look for shells, seaweed and other beach treasures? To help you get ready for your next beach adventure, we’ve put together this handy guide with all you need to know about beaches.